Some common human diseases biology 267 notes module 4 environment and iii contact with soil contaminated with diseasecausing viruses and bacteria. Diseases caused by bacteria and viruses bacterial diseases microorganismsviruses and prokaryotesthat cause disease are called pathogens. The prerequisite for success in this fight is the participation of all health care professionals. They are specially adapted to infect and multiply within a host.
At the present time, all known prokaryotic pathogens are bacteria. In many viral infections, viruses attack and destroy certain body cells, causing the symptoms of the disease. If the organism can cause infection, it is an infectious agent. Food borne diseases lectures university of nairobi. Common diseases caused by microorganisms what you need. Of all the known bacterial species,only a few are pathogenic to humans. Diagnosing plant diseases caused by fungi, bacteria and viruses1 ken pernezny, monica elliott, aaron palmateer, and nikol havranek2 1. What are some disease causing microorganisms in animals.
This is the table of contents and a sample chapter from. List human diseases caused by bacteria, virus, fungi, and protozoa hello friends welcome to. Centuries back man has realized that diseases like cholera and typhoid spread very fast in densely populated areas and he isolated and kept the diseased individuals in separate places with the idea that the spread of disease from patients to normal individuals could be prevented. Common diseases of tomatoes part ii diseases caused by.
Foodborne bacterial intoxication is caused by the ingestion of food containing preformed bacterial toxin, such as the toxins produced by staphylococcus aureus and clostridium botulinum, resulting from bacterial growth in. Disease causing microorganisms safe drinking water. Diseases many species of bacteria cause disease in humans, animals, and even plants. Some human diseases have been only recently recognized table 39. Humans have coevolved with their microbes over thousands of. Guidelines for identification and management of plant disease problems. Malaria, dengue amoebiasis and food poisoning spread through carries such as mosquitoes and files. Aids, rabies, mumps, measles, small pox, poliomyelitis, yellow fever and the common cold. Infections and infectious diseases world health organization. Chapter 2 disease and disease transmission an enormous variety of organisms exist, including some which can survive and even develop in the body of people or animals. Experts believe that about half of all human dna originated from viruses that infected and embedded their nucleic acid in our ancestors egg and sperm cells.
Infections and infectious diseases are a great burden on many societies, including the countries in the who european region. Important advances have shown that the gut microbiota is. Genetic and rare diseases information center gard po box 8126, gaithersburg, md 208988126 tollfree. There is no shortage of microbes that cause disease. The human microbiota in health and disease sciencedirect. Infectious diseases have historically represented the most common cause of death in humans until recently, exceeding by far the toll taken by wars or famines. Ncert science textbooks class 612, wikipedia microbes or microorganisms microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, protozoa, some algae, viruses, viroids and also prions that are proteinacious infectious agents. They are among the most common foodborne diseases commonly referred to as food poisoning and can also be spread to humans either. Diseasecausing microorganisms, however, are another matter entirely. Virusinfected plants cannot be cured, so effective man.
The words you need to know vocabulary words beginner vocabulary word definition zoonotic a disease that can spread from animals to people. The microorganisms involved in dental infections are also described. Diseases caused by parasites, infection both microbial and viral. The following is a list of some of the major plant diseases, grouped by type of causative agent and ordered alphabetically. You should know that there are also some good forms of e. List of human diseases caused by bacteria and viruses. Human diseases caused by virus, bacteria and protozoa pdf. Leptospirosis and weils disease leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease which has the potential to.
List human diseases caused by bacteria, virus, fungi, and. Following is a list of 8 known diseases caused by microbes. What are pathogens, and what have they done to and for us. Food borne infections are caused by the entrance of pathogenic microorganisms contaminating food into the body, and the reaction of the body tissues to their presence. Called diseasecausing microbes and can make humans, animals and plants. The majority of microbes on earth are benign to humans. The human microbiota, especially the gut microbiota, has even been considered to be an essential organ, carrying approximately 150 times more genes than are found in the entire human genome. Diseases caused by helminths include ascariasis, taeniasis etc. More than 100 trillion symbiotic microorganisms live on and within human beings and play an important role in human health and disease. Harmful microorganisms types and harmful effects on. Parasites are microorganisms that live within, and may cause harm to, other organismsincluding humans. There is also strong evidence that microbes may contribute to many noninfectious chronic diseases such as some forms of cancer and coronary heart disease. Bacterial diseases bacteria are microscopic, singlecelled organisms bacte.
Several microorganisms not only cause diseases in humans and plants, but also in other animals. Viral diseases in humans include the common cold, influenza, aids, chicken pox, and measles. Diseases such as syphilis, gonorrhoea and aids spread through sexual contact. This brochure discusses the causes, symptoms, treatment and prevention of some of the most common of these diseases, including mycobacteriosis, chlamydiosis, and salmonellosis. Examples of diseases caused by a virus are chickenpox, small pox, measles, polio. Pdf microbes are called diseasecausing microbes and can make humans, animals and plants sick by causing infection and disease. Microbes or microorganisms diseases caused by microorganisms diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoans and fungi. These can either be fungal, bacterial, viral or parasitic food borne infections tend to have long incubation periods and are usually characterized by fever.
Ebola ebola is one of the most lethal viruses to infect humans, with a mortality. Some of them are beneficial in many ways whereas some others are microorganisms have been used for the production of alcohol since ages. Some diseases, such as pneumonia and nephritis, may be caused by a variety of microbes. Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, and by proteinaceous particles called prions. Viruses reproduce by transforming the hosts nucleic acids into virus nucleic acids when they multiply. These are known as sexually transmitted disease std. The bacterium produces an endospore that allows it to endure extreme conditions of heat and desiccation in the environment. List of human diseases caused by bacteria,virus,fungi,protozoa.
Hansens disease genetic and rare diseases information. Three types of bacterial foodborne diseases are recognized. Introduction bacillus subtilis is a ubiquitous bacterium commonly recovered from water, soil, air, and decomposing plant residue. There is a close connection between microbes and humans.
Chemical control strategies that may be required are updated annually in the osu extension agents handbook of insect, plant disease and weed control circular e832. In fact, our bodies contain at least 10 times more bacterial cells than human ones. Protozoa, bacteria, and viruses are microorganisms. If you have problems viewing pdf files, download the latest version of adobe reader. However, in the future scientists may discover archaea associated with disease. Diseases can be caused by microorganisms that are transmitted from frogs to humans. Guidelines for identification and management of plant. Except for genetic and congenital factors, most of the diseases are caused by certain microorganisms. There are several diseases caused by microorganisms. Some diseases caused by pathogens are polio, cholera, mumps, rabies, malaria etc. These include both acute and infectious diseases like the common cold, to chronic disease like aids.
This list is very important for one day exams and upsc exams. Viruses cause many diseases in plants and animals, e. There may be other reasons people with gum disease sometimes. Different categories of pathogens can infect humans. Zoonotic organisms can also be present in the tanks and contaminated water. The pathogens causing the diseases covered in this manual include viruses, bacteria, rickettsiae, fungi, proto. Microorganisms like amoeba can live alone, while fungi and bacteria may live in colonies. Gk, general studies, optional notes for upsc, ias, banking, civil services. In the following sections the more important diseasecausing bacteria. Attachment i final risk assessment of bacillus subtilis february 1997 i. Fungal infections include ringworm infection, athletes foot, yeast infections etc. A few harmful microbes, for example less than 1% of bacteria, can invade our body the host and make us ill. Most viruses and bacteria are not pathogenic but symbiotic, with humans hosting some 100,000 billion bacteria compared to their own 10 billion. This document is pp249, one of a series of the plant pathology department, ufifas extension.
Malaria is a disease caused by an organism belonging to protista. Humans worry about bacteria that cause botulism bacteria living in spaces without oxygen, such as cans, tetanus and e. Zoonoses are infectious diseases that are spread between animals and humans and can be caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Here we are sharing list of all diseases caused by various bacteria,protozoa and viruses. In this manual infectious agents which cause infection and illness are called pathogens. For language access assistance, contact the ncats public information officer. For example, anthrax is a dangerous human and cattle disease. To cause illness in humans, bacteria need to be able to gain access to the human body, reach their unique place within the body and multiply. Types of infectious diseases pdf pharmacies and medicinesca.
To reduce that burden an integrated approach is required, combining health promotion, disease prevention and patient treatment. Parasitism is the condition one organism is helped and the other is harmed which takes place when humans are invaded by infectious microbes. Zoonoses are communicable diseases caused by microorganisms transmitted from animals to humans. Microbes cause infectious diseases such as flu and measles. Apart from these acute diseases, viruses are also responsible for mumps, polio. Viruses of rabies are introduced through the wound caused by the bite of rabid animals, especially dogs.